What does Papilloedema look like on fundoscopy?
When performing a fundus exam in a patient with papilledema, variable signs can be found depending on the severity of the condition. Looking at the fundus we pay attention to the following: The optic nerve head : retinal nerve fiber opacification, elevation of the margins, hyperemia, and obliteration of the cup.
Is papilledema seen in hypertensive retinopathy?
The signs of hypertensive retinopathy include constricted and tortuous arterioles, retinal hemorrhage (Figure 1-3), hard exudates (Figure 2), cotton wool spots (Figure 1 & 3), retinal edema, and papilledema (Figure 3).
Can you see papilledema on Fundoscopic exam?
Fundus examination may reveal the signs below. Early manifestations of papilledema include the following: Disc hyperemia. Subtle edema of the nerve fiber layer can be identified with careful slit lamp biomicroscopy and direct ophthalmoscopy.
How do you check for Papilloedema?
Physical Examination
- Blurring of the disc margins.
- Filling in of the optic disc cup.
- Anterior bulging of the nerve head.
- Edema of the nerve fiber layer.
- Retinal or choroidal folds.
- Congestion of retinal veins.
- Peripapillary hemorrhages.
- Hyperemia of the optic nerve head.
How is Fundoscopy done?
Ophthalmoscopy (also called fundoscopy) is an exam your doctor, optometrist, or ophthalmologist uses to look into the back of your eye. With it, they can see the retina (which senses light and images), the optic disk (where the optic nerve takes the information to the brain), and blood vessels.
What condition can be screened by Fundoscopy?
Fundoscopic / Ophthalmoscopic Exam. Visualization of the retina can provide lots of information about a medical diagnosis. These diagnoses include high blood pressure, diabetes, increased pressure in the brain and infections like endocarditis.
What does a Fundoscopic exam show?
How can you differentiate between diabetic retinopathy and hypertensive retinopathy?
Both cause damage to the retina, but they have different causes. Diabetic retinopathy is caused by high blood sugar. Hypertensive retinopathy is caused by high blood pressure. Both conditions are diagnosed by an eye doctor.
What do you see in fundoscopy?
When should a fundoscopy be done?
This test is often included in a routine eye exam to screen for eye diseases. Your eye doctor may also order it if you have a condition that affects your blood vessels, such as high blood pressure or diabetes. Ophthalmoscopy may also be called funduscopy or retinal examination.
What do you see in Fundoscopy?
Why Fundoscopy is done?
What is a Grade 2 diabetic retinopathy?
Grade 2 disease: development of areas of focal narrowing, and compression of venules at sites of arteriovenous crossing (AV nipping). Grade 3 disease: development of features similar to those of diabetic retinopathy, namely retinal haemorrhages, hard exudates and cotton wool spots.
What are the treatment options for fundus in diabetic retinopathy?
Dim the lights and examine the fundus using a traditional direct or PanOptic ophthalmoscope. Dilate the eye if possible with tropicamide, atropine or phenylephrine eye drops.
What are the treatment options for diabetic retinopathy in patients with renal disease?
In patients with renal disease, always ask to perform fundoscopy. This may provide valuable information regarding the presence of hypertensive or diabetic retinopathy. Dim the lights and examine the fundus using a traditional direct or PanOptic ophthalmoscope. Dilate the eye if possible with tropicamide, atropine or phenylephrine eye drops.
How does diabetic retinopathy affect the small blood vessels?
You might also be interested in our medical flashcard collection which contains over 1000 flashcards that cover key medical topics. Diabetic retinopathy is a form of micro-angiopathy causing damage to the small blood vessels of the retina as a result of hyperglycaemia.