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What are the two types of osteomyelitis?

What are the two types of osteomyelitis?

Traditionally, osteomyelitis is a bone infection that has been classified into three categories: (1) a bone infection that has spread through the blood stream (Hematogenous osteomyelitis) (2) osteomyelitis caused by bacteria that gain access to bone directly from an adjacent focus of infection (seen with trauma or …

What causes osteomyelitis?

Most cases of osteomyelitis are caused by staphylococcus bacteria, types of germs commonly found on the skin or in the nose of even healthy individuals. Germs can enter a bone in a variety of ways, including: The bloodstream.

What is the best treatment for osteomyelitis?

The most common treatments for osteomyelitis are surgery to remove portions of bone that are infected or dead, followed by intravenous antibiotics given in the hospital.

How do you diagnose osteomyelitis?

How is osteomyelitis diagnosed?

  1. Blood tests, such as: Complete blood count (CBC).
  2. Needle aspiration or bone biopsy. A small needle is inserted into the affected area to take a tissue biopsy.
  3. X-ray.
  4. Radionuclide bone scans.
  5. CT scan.
  6. MRI.
  7. Ultrasound.

What bone is the most common site of osteomyelitis?

In adults, the vertebrae are the most common site of hematogenous osteomyelitis, but infection may also occur in the long bones, pelvis, and clavicle. Primary hematogenous osteomyelitis is more common in infants and children, usually occurring in the long-bone metaphysis.

Why is osteomyelitis so painful?

Osteomyelitis is a bone infection caused by bacteria or fungi. It causes painful swelling of bone marrow, the soft tissue inside your bones. Without treatment, swelling from this bone infection can cut off blood supply to your bone, causing bone to die.

Can osteomyelitis lead to sepsis?

An infection of the bone, called osteomyelitis, could lead to sepsis. In people who are hospitalized, bacteria may enter through IV lines, surgical wounds, urinary catheters, and bed sores.

What is the best test for osteomyelitis?

The preferred diagnostic criterion for osteomyelitis is a positive bacterial culture from bone biopsy in the setting of bone necrosis. Magnetic resonance imaging is as sensitive as and more specific than bone scintigraphy in the diagnosis of osteomyelitis.

What happens if osteomyelitis goes untreated?

It causes painful swelling of bone marrow, the soft tissue inside your bones. Without treatment, swelling from this bone infection can cut off blood supply to your bone, causing bone to die.

Where does osteomyelitis occur?

Osteomyelitis is inflammation or swelling that occurs in the bone. It can result from an infection somewhere else in the body that has spread to the bone, or it can start in the bone — often as a result of an injury. Osteomyelitis is more common in younger children (five and under) but can happen at any age.